Definition

Rework stations are specialized tools for removing and replacing SMD components on assembled PCBs. Hot air stations use focused heated air to reflow solder on specific components. BGA rework stations add bottom-side heating (to prevent board warpage), optical alignment systems, and controlled placement. IR stations use infrared heating for larger areas. For PCB designers, rework considerations include: component accessibility (space around BGAs for nozzle access), thermal isolation (nearby heat-sensitive components may be damaged), and pad design (pads must survive multiple reflow cycles). Designing for reworkability matters for prototypes, high-value boards, and products requiring field repair. Some designs intentionally sacrifice reworkability for density.