Definition

Wave soldering is used primarily for through-hole component attachment. The PCB passes over a wave or fountain of molten solder that contacts the bottom side, wetting exposed pads and component leads. Selective wave soldering uses masks or nozzles to solder only specific areas. Wave soldering is less common as SMT dominates, but remains important for connectors, transformers, and other through-hole parts. Mixed-assembly boards may use wave soldering after SMT reflow, requiring careful thermal management.